Engine valve



c. J. PILLIOD.

ENGINE VALVE. APPLICATION HLED 0:018. 19w.

' 1,414,152. Patented Apr. 25, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

0.1. P'ILLIOD.

ENGINE VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 18, I917. 1,414,152, v Patented Apr. 25, 1922. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 2 M I "a? I V I l MI" in 3 5 I I; v g I I i g; o D 4 ii I I I I if I i-w i; Q

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C. J. PILLIOD.

ENGINE VALVE. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 8, 1917.

N\ \N QM 0. J. PILLIOD. ENGINE VALVE. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 18. 1917. 1,414, Patented Apr. '25, 1922.

. v5 SHEETS-SHEET5.

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any-variation 1n the cut-off, which teatire.

- .UNITED we .l

onto, hesitation, 'ro DANIEL snAR'LEs; TRUSTEE, or "'ro Eno,foHIo.=;,. 1 1

oii'ARLns J. rrtnronor TOLEDO,

ENGINE VALVE. 5

To all whom it ma concern: q

' Beit-lmown that I, CnARLns J. -PrLLIon, a citizen oi" the United States, and a resident of Toledo, in the. county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented av eertainj new and usefulEngine Yalve;and;I-- dohereby declare the following-to be a full, clear, and

exact description 01" the, invention, such as, will enable others skilled in the art towhirh it app'ertains-fto make and use the. same, reference being had to'the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of ref-.

erence marked thereon, which form apart ot-this specification; 1 This invention relates to valves .for controllingv the admissioirand exhaust of an operating fluid to andfltroin the cylinders of fluid-operated engines, other than those of the internal combustion type, andJis-intendedv for use more particularlyin connertion with steam-engines. Y The valves and valve-gears heretofore used in connection with steam-engines'are conlined'to two classes, namely, those vhaving a fixed valve travel and those having a variable valve travel, andthe presentinveniion "relates more particularly to the latter-type butis not restricted to usein con nection therewith. lVithvalves of the variable travel type heretofore used a change in the variable movement not only effects an adjustment or change in the-cutofi butin all other fu'nctionsofthe valve as well, or, in otherwords, a shortening of the cut-off causes a correspondingly earlier opening and closing of both the admission and exhaust ports, and vice versa. Further more, with the valves heretofore u'sed'the back-pressure increases with the closing of tilt tilt-(YE I j r i The primary object of my invention is thepro ion of a valve of the character described, in which, ii of the variable travel type, the opening and closing of the admis sion a d exhaustports remain constant for varying o sitio'ns of thcicut-on, wherebyol rjectionsincident-tothe .use of valves heretofore employed are overcome and v a muxinnun utilization ofthe heat units obtained, and in which theeleinent of preion remains constant irrespective o1- is important, for. with an increase ofpre admission the negative work'1ncreases,-

A further ob ect of ray-invention is the Application filed Dec mber 18, 1917. Seri a1-1\T o. 207,703.

cha'rajcteirdescribed, wherein the different valve members arepertectly balanced during use. Further objects and advantages ,ofthe invention will beapparent from-the followdetailed description thereof.:.-; j 1 Whilethe invention, inqits broader as pect, is capable-of embodiment innumerons forms. and of use in numerous connec; tions,.an embodiment thereof in connection with a reversible engine and with a. gear of i the Walschaert type is illustrated in theiaccompanying drawings,- in whicha v ,F1gure 1 1s a fragmentaryisldeelevation of a locomotlve embodying the invention and equipped with-a reversing valve-gear of the Fig. 2 is an enlargedside Walschaert-type. elevation of a portion thereof, with the valve in central I vertical longitudinal section. Fig. 3 is a centralhorizontal longitudinal section through'thevalve. Figs. 1, 5, 6 and. 7 are cross-sections on the lines44, 5- 5, 6 -6 and 7'7, respectively, in Fig.3. Fig.

I I i speeincation'of Letters'liatentr i provision of a valveconstruction of the 1 8 is an'enlarged perspective .view of the yalve-eore, with parts broken away. -Fig. 9 1s a perspective view of'one ofthe stationary end members of the core. ,Figs; 10 and 12 are perspective views of the outer and inner admission and exhaust valve sleeves, re-' spect-ively. Fig. 11 is a perspective view of The valve-casing is provided internally with a broadened annularrecess 2' in communica tion withthe inlet port 2, and adjacent to each end with relatively narrow annular recesses 6 and 7, from'wh-ich the ports 3 and 5. respectively leadp Thefends of the valvecasing are closed,in the present'instance, by removableheads 8 and 9, from the latter of which rearwardly: project bracket-arms1Q and Y11 for the purpose hereinafter d scribed. flfl- A core-member 12 of cylindrical form fits into the valve-casing 1, and in its present embodiment has a cylindrical body portion 13, which fits the bore of the valve-casing and is of suflicient length to span the steam distributing recess 2 and extend slightly beyond the ends thereof. A plurality of ports 14 are providedin annular series radially through the central portion of the core body 13 to open communication between the steam distributing recess 2 and the interior of the core. The body 13 is provided with internal annular flanges or shoulders 15 in spaced relation to each end and at the outer, ends of the portslt, and a' hollow cylindrical extension 16 projects out- 'w ard from the inner edge of each of spectiveendof the valve chamber and the exhaust port 4 leading therefrom; Each extension 16Ihas two longitudinally spaced annular series of radial ports 17 and 18 and is corebody 13. The outer end of each bushing 2O terminates adjacent to the outer end of the extension 16', which it surrounds, and to the inner wall of the respective exhaust recess 7. The body portion of each bushing is provided with an annular series of radial ports 22, which open at their outer ends into the adjacent recess 6 in the valve-casing and have their inner ends substantially in radial register with both series of ports'l'l' and 18 in the respective core extension 16, said ports 22 being sufiicient-ly broadened at their inner ends longitudinally of the bushing to substantially span both sets of said extension ports, as shown in Figs-I 2 and 5.

Two telescoped valve-sleeves 23 and 24: are mounted'between the extension 16 and the bushing-20, at each end of the core, with the inner sleeve 23 fitted for longitudinal. slidingmovements on the extension 16 and the outer sleeve 2 fitted within; the bushing for longitudinal sliding movements the-rein and'on the sleeve 23. Each set of these valve sleeves have inner sets of radial ports 25 and 26 arranged in annular series and adaptedto register with each other and to open coniinunicatien between theports 17 and 22 in the core extension 16 and bushing 20 during ommunicat-ion between the opposite 'end a predetermined portion of. the relative movements .of said sleeves, and have similar sets of ports 27 and 28, respectively, adapted to register with each other and open communication between the ports 18 and 22. of

the core extension and bushing, respectively,

port sets in the sleeve 24, in the present instance, being less than the port spacing in the sleeve 23, as best shown in Fig. 2.

Each bushing 20 has its bore enlarged towards'its inner end from adjacent to the outer side walls of the ports 22 therein, and a cut-off sleeve 29 has -'a sliding fit in this enlarged portion of the bushing-bore and onthe inner end portion of the associated valvesleeve 21. The cut-off sleeve, in the present instance, has circumferentially spaced fingers 30 projecting longitudinally from its outer end and tied together, or circumferentially braced relative to the sleeve, by narrow strips 31. The spaces between the fingers 3O register with the ports 22. in the bushing and with the ports 26 and 28 in the valve-sleeve 2 1. The purpose of the sleeves 29 is to cooperate with the inner set of ports 26 in the respective valve-sleeves 24 to regulate or adjust the period of cut-off of the live steam from the interior of the core to the engine cylinder, and for. this purpose the outer end of each cut ofi' sleeve (disregarding the fingers 30) is disposed in lapping relation to the sleeve-ports 28 during a "time, as is apparent. It is therefore evident that so far as the cut-off feature of the sleeve 29 is concerned, .the fingers 30 may be omitted.

For the purpose of adjustment, each cutoff sleeve 29'has a rod 32 projecting longitudinally thereof from a lug 33 at its inner end, through a stufiing-box in the head 9, and connected at its outer end by a link 34 to one of a pair of eccentric pins 35 carried by a rock-shaft 36, which shaft is journaled in the bracket-arm 11. A rocker-arm 37 projects from the shaft 36 and may be connected by a rod 38 to any suitable control, as well understood in the art. It is thus evident that a rocking of the shaft 36 in either direcortion of the movement of the valve-sleeve 24:.

tion will impart corresponding opposed re-' Each valve-sleeve 23 is rovided at its outer end with a yokeetO, an theseyokes are.

rigidly connected by a rod 41, and each valve-sleeve 24 is provided at its outer end with a yoke 42, and these: yokes are rigidly connected by a rod-43;

It is thus evident that longitudinal movements of-the rods 41 and 4:3 will'communi-' cate like movements in unison to the valvesleeves which they respectively connect, The rods 4-1 and43 project at their outer ends through stuffing-boxes in the cylinder head 9 and are respectively connected to cross-heads 44 and'45, which are mounted for movements longitudinally of the valvecas'ing 'in guides' IG provide-d at'the outer end of the bracket-arm 10." V I The valve embodying my invention is illustrated, in the present -instance,'in con nection with a WValschaert valve-gear of the reversing type, in which 47 is the eccentric rod; 48 the oscillating link fulcrumed to the frame,:as at 4:9; 50 the radiusrod .having its forward end pivotally connected to the cross-head-it and its rear end in shiftable connection with the oscillating link slot; 51 the reversing shaft, which has an arm in connection with a control 'means and an arm 53 connected to the'rear end of the radius-rod through a link 54; 55 the combinatlon lever, which is pivoted adjacent to its upper-end to the cross-head 45 and has its upper-end fulcrumed to an an chor-link 56 attached to the locomotive frameand its lower end connected by the union-link 57 to the piston-rod cross-head 58.

It will be noted that the manner ofcoupling up this type of. gear, with my valve differs from the manner of. coupling the same to an ordinary valve in that the radius-rod 50, instead of being connected'to the combination, lever 55," has connection with the set of valve-sleeves 23, 23 while the combination lever has connection with the set of valve-sleeves 24, 24; so that one set ofsuch sleeves is operated by the drivewheel eccentric and-the other set loy'the piston-rod cross-head. An adjustment of the valve-sleeves 23, 23 for reversing con.-

ditions is eflfectedlby ashiftin'g of the ra- The design of my valve is such that it can be inserted into the valve-casings of engines now in use and substituted for the steam control-valves used j therein without changing the arrangement or 1 location of the ports and the steam distributingchan nels or recesses in suchcasings.

In describing. the operation of my: mechanism, reference is madeparticularly to Figs; 13 to 16, in each of which'wthe valvepoints on the circle at the leftindicate the relative valve gear positions forthe difi'en' ent valve-sleeves, as in all types of gears or operating means for the valve-sleeves the position of tllBGCCQIllQIlOlS 1n advance of the cross-head movement. For this-reason" such movements are illustrated 'diagrammatically at theleft of each of said figures 'and designate the different eccentric and cross-head positions for. different positionspof' the valve-sleeves. "In other i words, when the cross-head is xat'the-extreme of its movement in either direction the eccentric is at thecenter :oflitswtravel, and vice versa. InYFig. 1,the;cross-head is in its center position and the eccentric at its forward extreme position, and thesepositions correspond tOjtl'lE positions of the parts in Fig. 13.- The valve-sleeves in Figs.

141,15 and 1 6 are each advancedone-quarte'r v revolution over the precedmg figure with the engine-wheel or eccentric revolving member running forward 9 Nhen the piston in the engine-cylinder is at'the center of-its travel-and moving tof theleft, for forward running, the valve-sleeves arelin the positions indicated in;Fig. 13, withthe eccentric at the forwardilimitjof its st'roke,as indicated bythe point @,and

ioo

the cross-head in mid-position of its stroke as indicated, at c. lgVhen the valve-sleeves are in thesepositions, steam is being admit-Y ted to the right end of the eylinderi-an'd exhausted from the left end thereof with the respective inlet and exhaust 'ports'substantially halfclosed by reason of the relative 'Y movement of ,the'valve-sleeves 23 and 24 of the two sets. J/Vhen thev drive-wheel has moved one-quarter ofaa v forward turn from such DOS1l .1( )H tlI piston is approximately at the limit of it'sjback Stroke and the-valvesleeves are in 'suehpositions that the exhaust ports at the left endflof thecylinderare closed and the inlet ports at such-end just beginning to open .to admitsteam-back-of the piston, whilethe valve-sleeves vat the other end of the valvehave moved' to par;

tially open the exhaustports and close'thej steam ports at the righten'do'f the enginecylinder, as shown in Figjldfi, Asthe piston movesto the right themovement of the sleeves-causes a gradual increase {and then a gradual decrease of the sizes, of the inlet ports at the inlet cnd'of the cylinder andvof the exhaust ports at the exhaust end-thereof,

and when the drive wheel has completed a a half turn from therposition of Flg.1 13,tl18 valve-sleeves stand in the'positions indicatedin Fig. 15. -Dur1n'g' vthe third and fourth quarter revolutions of the drive-wheel the conditions of admission and exhaust are the one horizontal extreme to the other, so that in F 13 the admission and exhaust would be reversed by reason of the valve-sleeves taking the relative po'sltions shown in 'Fig. 113. r

.It is evident that to cut off the steam the cut' off sleeves 29, 29 are moved in opposite directions, for instance, by a movement of the control member-38, and that the steam may have a 100% cut-off if desired, although it is usually not practical to exceed a 90% c'ut-oii. The control of the port openings and cut-oft sleeves is entirely independent of the exhaust, thereby not sacrificing release to obtain any desired range of steam admission. t

It is evident, with the use of my valve, that the opening and closing of the admission and exhaust ports remain constant, While the steam cut-off may be varied at will, thus enabling a maximum efficiency for either the normal running or starting conditions, to be obtained; that the constant events, such as the exhaust release, exhaust closure, steam admission and steam pro-admission, are determined by the design or service requirements, and that the valve sleevesbhave a perfect balanced action due to an equalizing of the pressure entirely around the same. Itis also evident that with my valve there is no limitation as to events to be secured, that is, any release, any closure or any cut-off can be'secured} It is found in practice that the provision of the core or plug member which carries the valve-sleeves is quite important for the reason that'there is a period in the travel of the valve-sleeves in which the ports, thereof must pass each other, and withoutthe'inner core or plug these ports would not seal against the pressure butwould leave an open passage to the exhaust. The inner core or plug therefore performs two functions, that of assisting-in closing the valve ports during portions of the movements of the valve-sleeves, and that of protecting the valve-sleeves from the steam and exhaustpressures during operation.

Iwish it understood that my invention is not limited to any specific construction. ar

rangement or" form of the parts, as it is capable of numerous changes and modifications without departing from the spirit of the claims, and also that the invention,

which resides particularly in thevalve itself,

and not in the operating means therefor, may have its different movable members controlled and operated in any suitable manner. i J I c Having thus described my invention, what I claim is new and desire to secure by Let ters Patent, i's:- V 1. In a fluid pressure engine, means form ing a valve seat and providing communication at one side of the seat with a source of fluid pressure andat the other side of the seat with anengine cylinder, a set of valves surrounding. the seatin cooperating relation thereto and operable to periodically open and close the communication between the source of fluid and cylinder, and a cut-off valve seating on the outer side of one of said first valves relative to the source of'fluid and operable to varythe fluid cut-off. 2. In'a fluid pressure engine, means forming a valve seat and providing communica- 7 tion at oneside of the seat with a source of fluid pressure and at the other side of the seat with an engine cylinder, means having a set of relatively movable valves mounted one over the other on said spat and operableto periodically open and close the communication between said source of fluid supply and cylinder, a cut-oif valve mounted on the outer of said valves relative to the source of fluid, and means connected with and operable to move said valve to vary'the fluid cut-off. r

3. In a fluid pressure engine, means forming a cylindrical valve seat and providing communication at one side of the seat with a source of fluid pressure and at the other side jof'the seat; with an engine cylinder, a

setof valve sleeves mounted one overthe a cutoff valve sleeve mounted on the other side of one of said first valves relative to the source of fluid and operable to vary the fluid cut-off. r

4. In a fluid pressure engine, means formin a cylindrical valve seat and providing communication at one side of the seat with a source of fluid pressure andat the other side of the seat with an engine cylinder, means having a set of relatively movable valve sleeves mounted one over the other on said seat and operable to periodically open and close the communication between said source of fluid supply and cylinder, a cut-off valve sleevemounted on the outer of said valves relative to the source of fluid pressure, and means connected with and operable to move said cut-off valve'to vary the fluid cut-off; I

5. In a fluid pressure engine, a set of sleeve valves, means forming a seatfor and enclosing said valves inside and out and providing an exhaust passage and communication at the inner side thereof with a source of fluid pressure and at the outer side with a cylinder of the engine, and means for opcrating said set of valves to periodically open and close the communication between the source of fluid pressure and cylinder and between the exhaust passage and cylinder.

; 6. In a fluid pressure engine, a set of sleeve valves, means forming a seat for and enclosing said valves inside and out and providing an exhaust passage and communication at the inner side thereof with a source of fluid pressure and at the outer side with a cylinderof the engine, means for operating said set of valves to periodically open and close the communication between the source of fluid pressure and cylinder and between the exhaust passage and cylinder, and a variable cut-ofl valve enclosed within said means with said set of valves and cooperating therewith the inner side thereof with a source of fluid pressure and at the outer side with arcylinder of the engine, means for operating said set of valves to periodically open and close the communication between the source of fluidpressure and cylinder and between the exhaust passage and cylinder, and a variable cut-off valve mounted on said valve set at the outer side thereof relative, to the source of fluid pressure and periodically protected completely from'live fluid pressure by said first means and valve, and means for operating said cut-ofl' valveto vary the fluid cutoff. a V

8. In a fluid pressure engine twovsets of sleeve valves, 'meansforming a valve seat for each valve set and forming a guide for the valvesinside and out and also providing fluid supply and exhaust passages at the inner side of each valve set and providing communication at the outer side of each valve set with a cylinder of the engine, and means for operating. the valves of each set to periodically open and close the communication between the cylinderand'said passages., ,i

j 9. In a fluidpressure engine two sets of sleeve valves, means forming inner and outer valveiseats for each valve setandalso providing fluid supplyand exhaust passages at the inner side of each valve set and providing communication at the outer' side of each valve set with a icylind'er-of the engine, means for operating the valves of each set to perlodically openand close the communication betweenthecylinder and said passages, and means havlng a cut-ofl valve amounted on the outer slde of each valve set relative to therespectiveseat and operable tovary the fluid cutoff.

10.,In a fluid pressureengine two setslof sleeve valves, means forming inner and outer .valve seats for each valve set and also promeans for operating the valvesof each set.

to periodically open and; close the communi: catlon'between the cylinder and said 'aassages, and means having a cut-off valve mounted on the outer side of each valveset relative to the respective seat and' oper able to vary the fluid cut-off, the cut-off valves of said, last means beingv completely protected from live fluid pressureby said first means and cooperating valves when-the communication between the cylinderyand source of fluid pressure'i'sclosed.

i 11. In a fluid pressure engine, asetaof valve sleeves, means enclosing said sleevesl inside and out and. forming. a valve seat therefor, said means providing'fluid supply and'exhaus t passages at the seat side of the valve sleeves and providing communication 'at the other side of the said sleeves with a cylinder of'the engine, means for operating said set of valve sleevesto periodicallyopen and close the communication betweensa d passages and the cylinder, and a va-r1able cut-ofi valve sleeve mounted on saidvalve,

set at the outer side thereof relative to the source of fluid supply and periodically pro,- tecte'd completely from live fluid pressure by said first means and valves, and means for operating said cut-ofl valve to-vary the fluid cut-ofl'.

12. In a fluid pressure engine, two sets I of sleeve valves, means enclosing said valves and exhaust passages at the seatside each valve set and a cylinder communicating pas;v

sage at the other side of .each valve, set,

means for operating the valvesof each set to periodically open and close the co mmuni cation between'the'cylinder passage and said exhaust and supplv passages, and means having a cut-off valve sleeved on the outer side ofeach' valve set relative to'the respective seatiand operable tovary the fluid cutofi'." V, I

l3. In a fluid pressure engine, two setsof.

sleevevalves, means enclosing said valves and formin a cylindrical valve-seat for each set, said means providing ,fluid supply andexhanst passages'at-thejseat side of each valve set anda cylinder communicating passage at thejothe'r, side of'each valve; Irset, means for operat ng the valves of each set' to periodically'open and close the communication between, the cylinder passage 'ments, a stationary guide means for said and said exhaust and supply passages, means and exhaust passages at the seat side of each valve set and a cylinder communicating passage at the other side of each valve set, means for operating the valves of: each set to periodically open and close the communi cation between the cylinder passage and said exhaust and supply passages, means having a cut-off valve sleeved on the outer side of each valve set relative to the respective seat and operable to vary the fluid cut-off, said cut-off valves being completely protected from live fluid pressure by said first means and the cooperating valves when the communication between the cylinder passage and the supply passage is closed.

15. The combination with a cylinder of a fluid pressure engine, of a pair of valve sleeves mounted one on the other for relative reciprocatory movements, stationary means forming a guide for said sleeves and having a passage surrounding said sleeves and in communication with an end of said cylinder and having separated fluid supply and exhaust passages interiorly of the valve sleeves, said sleeves each having a series of inlet ports and a series of exhaust ports which successively and respectively register at predetermined periods and open communication first between said cylinder passage and first one and then the other of said supply and exhaust passages, and means for operating said sleeves.

16. The combination with a cylinder of a fluid pressure engine, of a pair of valve members fitted one against the other for relative reciprocatory movements, stationary guide means for said members having a. cylinder communicating passage" exterior to said members and having separated supply and exhaust passages interiorly of the valve members, said members having ports which periodically register and open communication between said exterior passage and first one and then the other of said illterior passages, and means for imparting predetermined"relative movements to said members.

17. A valve for fluid pressure engines, having a pair of telescoped valve sleeves mounted for relative reciprocatory movesleeves having a cylinder communicating passage exterior to and surround ng said sleeves and exposed at one side thereto and having separate supply and exhaust passages interiorly of the valve sleeves, said sleeves having annular series of ports which periodically register and open communica tion between said exterior passage and first one and then the other 01' said interior passages, and means for imparting pre'deter mined relative movements to said sleeves.

18. A valve for fluid pressure engines having a pair of telescoped valve sleeves mounted for relative reciprocatory movements, a stationary guide member having an annular recess in which said sleeves are fitted and adapted to reciprocate, said memher having a cylinder communicating'passage exterior to and surrounding said sleeves and exposed at one side thereto and having separate supply and exhaust passages in teriorly of the valve sl.eeves, said sleeves each having a series of ports for each interior passage and adapted to respectively, register to open communication between. saidexterior passage and first one and then the other of said interior passages, and means for imparting predetermined relative movements to said sleeves.

19. The combination with a cylinder for a fluid pressure engine, of stationary 'means forming exterior passages adjacent to each end of the cylinder in communication therewith and forming separate interior supply and exhaust passages for each exterior passage, a set of 'telescoped sleeve valves carried by said. means for relative movements between each of said exterior passages and 'the associated supply and exhaust passages v 20. The combination with a cylinder of a fluid pressure engine, of stationary means having a hollow interior divided into two chambers, with one, in communicationwith live steam and the other forming part. of an exhaust passage and both having communication with one'en'd of the cylinder, sleeve valves guided inside and'out by said means and adapted toclose the communication bet-ween said chambers and the cylinder and having ports adapted to periodis sages a set of control valves for each set of said passages and comprising a plurality of relatively movable valve sleeves adapted when relatively moved to periodically open and close'each of the associated passages, means for impartingpredeter- 5 mined constant relative movements to the sleeves of each valve set, and an adjust able sleeve mounted on a valve sleeve of each set and operable to regulate the period of cut-off of each inlet passage.

22. A valve mechanism, as called for in claim 21, in which the cut-off sleeve is disposed at the outer sides of the valve sleeves of each supply.

' 23. In a valve mechanism, means having a hollow cylindrical portion at each end, a partition in each portion dividing it into axially spaced inlet andoutlet chambers with radiating ports in each chamber, said means also forming a cylinder communicating passage in spaced surrounding relation to each cylindrical'p'ortion thereof, a set of telescop'ed valve sleeves mounted in each of said cylindrical portions for relative re 'eiprocatory movements and having sets of ports which periodically register with each other and with said radiating ports to 0 en communication between an associated cy inder passage and first one and then the other of the adjacent inlet and outlet chambers, and means for imparting predetermined reeiprocatory movements to said valves.

24. In a valve mechanism, means having a hollow cylindrical portion at each end with each cylindrical portion forming "axially spaced inlet and outlet chambers having radieting ports, said means also forming a cylinder communicating passage in spaced surrounding relation to each cylindrical portion thereof, a set of telescoped valve sleeves mounted i n each. of said cylindrical portions f for relative reciprocatory movements" and having-sets of ports which periodically register with each other and with said radiating ports to open communication between an associated cylinder passage andfirstone and then the ()tlIQBOf the; adjacent inlet and out- I let chambers.'meansffo'r imparting predefterm'ined reciprocatory movements to said 0 valves and'independently adjustable lfluid cut-off means which embodies a cut-off valve sleeved'on each'set of said first'valve's and adjustable in unison relative to the respective valve sets to cooperate a therewith to vary the fluid inlet cutofl I YQ The combination with a valve-casing phaving a cylinder communicating passage and an exhaust passage at each 1 end, of a valve mechanism mounted in said y' alvepasingfand embodying a'core iorming' a fluid T inlet passage communication with; each cylinder passage of the casing, and an eX- lhaust passa between the cylinder exhaust 7165 mounted in each end portion of the 'c'orefor setrelati've to the source of fluid na'ssageat each endoli the casing, avalveset f p means for operat1ng-sa1d valve.

relative 'reci n'ocat or movements. lon 'itudin'ally thereof and operableto periodically open communication between the cylinder passage and first one and then the other of said'core inlet and exhaust passagesin the adjacent end. of the cylinder, the valves of each set being of cylindrical form and sleeved one. on the other and at least par tially enclosed inside and'out by a portion of the core, and means for imparting predetermined relative reciprocatory movements to the valve members of eachset;

26. The combination with a valvecasing having a cylinder communicating passage and an exhaust passage at each end,of'a valve mechanism mounted insaid valve-'cas ing and embodying a core forming a fluid inlet passage in communication with each cylinder passage of the casing, and an exhaust passage between, the cylinder and ex} haust passage at each end of the casing", a

valve set mounted in each end portion of the core for relative 'reciprocatory movemeuts longitudinally"thereof and" operable to periodically open communication between the "cylinder passage and first one and then the other of said'core inlet andexhaust pas sages at the adjacent en'd of the. cylinder, means torimparting predetermined relativev reciprocatory movements to the 'valve'mem'- bers of each set, a cut-oil valveot cylindrical form sleeved on each set of said valves, and meansconnected to said cut-off valve and ad justable independently of the'valv'e sets to vary the fluid cut-off from the core inlet passage-to the associated cylinder passage." 27.111 ar-valve mechanism, means forming inlet and, outlet-passages, a set of three valves of cylindrical form sleeved one on another and mounted tl'for relative longitudinal l'QClPl'OCEltOI'Y movements ma part' of said means, two of said valve members being operable to periodically open and close each of said passages and the other valve member being operalfle to vary the period of :open ing of the inlet passage by said firsttwo valve members and being 'the mostiremote from the source "of fluid supply, meansfor passages, a cylinder passage and a valve receiv '19; recess; said recess f-havmgports in walls in communication "with said ,eesaud being closed tothe supply passace'ekcept through said ports, a fluid control valve mounted in said recess and oper-j able to periodi'cally open and close thec'om munication between, the: cylinder passage and the supply" and" exha'ustpassag jes, and

29. In a fluid pressure engine, means forming fluid pressure supply and exhaust passages, two cylinder passages and a valve receiving recess for each cylinder passage, said recesses each having ports in opposing walls in communication with the respective cylinder supply and exhaust passages and being closed to the supply passage except through said ports, a fluid control valve set mounted in each of said recesses and operable to periodically open and close the communication between the respective cylinder passage and the associated supply and exhaust passages, andmeans for operating said valves. r

30. In a fluid pressure engine, means forming fluid pressure supply and exhaust passages, a cylinder passage and a valve receiving recess, said recess having wall ports in communication with said passages and being closed to the supply passage except through said ports, a fluid control valve passages.

mounted in said recess and operable to periodically open and close the communication between the cylinder passage and the supply and exhaust passages, means for operating said valve, and a cut-ofl valve mounted in the recess with said first valve and operable to cooperate with said valve to vary the fluid 31. In a fluidpressure engine, means forming fluid pressure supply and exhaust passages, two cylinder passages and a valve receiving recess for each cylinder passage,

said recesses each having ports in communication with the respective cylinder supply and exhaust passages and being closed to the supply passage except through'said ports, a fluid control valve set mounted in each of said recesses, andboperable to periodically open and close the communication between set and providing communication at the outer side of each valve set witha cylinder of the eng1ne,and means for operating the valves ot' eachset to periodically open and close the communication betweenthe cylinder and the respective supply and exhaust 3 3. Ina fluid pressure engine, a set of telescoped valve sleeves, means forming a valve seat for said valves and enclosing the sleeves to protect the ends thereof adjacent to the live fluid pressurefrom such pressure, said means providing fluid supply and exhaust passages at one side of said valves, and providing communication at the other side of the sleeves with the cylinder of the engine, and means for operating said valves to periodically open and close the communication between said passages and cylinder.

34. In a fluid pressure engine, two sets of valve sleeves, meansforminga valve seat for each sleeve set and enclosing the sleeves to protect the ends thereof adjacent to the live fluid pressure from such pressure, said means also providing fluid supply and exhaust passages at one side of each sleeve set, and providing communication at the other side of each set with a cylinder of the engine, and means for operating the valves of each set to periodically open and close the communication between the cylinder and the respec: tive supply and exhaust passages.

35. In a fluid pressure engine, two. sets of valves, means forming a seat for each valve set and enclosing the valves to protect the end portions thereof adjacent to the live fluid pressure from such pressure, said means also providing fluid supply and exhaust passages at one side of each valve set and providing communication at the other side of each valve set with the cylinder of the engine, and means 'for operating the valves of eachset to periodically. open and close the communication between the cylinder and the respective supply and exhaust passages.

3.6. In a fluid pressure engine, two sets of valves, means forming a seat for each valve set and enclosing the valves to protect .the end portions thereof adjacent to the live fluid pressure 'from such pressure, said means also providing fluid supply and exhaust passages at one side of each valve set and providing communication at the other sideof each valve set with the cylinder of.

the engine, and means for operating the valves of each set to periodically open and close the communication between the cylinder and the respective supply and exhaust passages, and a variable .cut-ofi valve en closed 1n said first means in cooperating out off relation to each valve set.

'37. In a fluid pressure engine, asetof valve sleeves, means forming a valve seat from such pressure, said means providing fluid supply and exhaustpassage's at one side of said valves and a cylinder communicating passage at the other sideof the valves, and means for operating the valves to e, riodically open and close the communication between the cylinder and said passages.

38. In a fluid pressure engine, a set of 7 main and cut-01f valves mounted in c0oper ating relation one on the other, means formone side of said valves and a cylinder com-- municating passage at the other side of the valves, and separate means for imparting predetermined relative operating movements to said valves.

39. In a fluid pressure engine, two sets of main and cut-off valve sleeves in cooperating relation one over another, means forming a valve seat for one of the valves of each set and enclosing all of the valves to protect the ends thereof adjacent to the live fluid pressure from such pressure, said means also providing fluid supply and exhaust passages at one side of each valve set and a cylinder communicating passage at the other side of each'set, and separate means for operating the main and cut-oil valvesof said sets to impart predetermined relative operating movements thereto/ 7 40.1n a fluid'pressure engine, means form- 1ng fluid pressure supply and exhaust passages, a set of constant travel valves working one overanother for controlling the ad engine cylinder, a variable travel cut-ofl va ve cooperating with one of the constant mission and exhaust of fluid to and from an a travel valves to cut oil the fluid supply to,

the cylinder at any predetermined point of;

travel of the cooperating valve.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name to this specification.

CHARLES ,J, PILLIOD. 

